REXROTH高壓安全閥DBDS10K1X/630，德國(guó)力士樂壓力控制閥，上海韋米機(jī)電設(shè)備有限公司主營(yíng)銷售產(chǎn)品，原廠原裝，熱誠(chéng)歡迎新老客戶咨詢購(gòu)買！
 
安全閥是啟閉件受外力作用下處于常閉狀態(tài)，當(dāng)設(shè)備或管道內(nèi)的介質(zhì)壓力升高超過規(guī)定值時(shí)，通過向系統(tǒng)外排放介質(zhì)來(lái)防止管道或設(shè)備內(nèi)介質(zhì)壓力超過規(guī)定數(shù)值的特殊閥門。安全閥屬于自動(dòng)閥類，主要用于鍋爐、壓力容器和管道上，控制壓力不超過規(guī)定值，對(duì)人身安全和設(shè)備運(yùn)行起重要保護(hù)作用。注安全閥必須經(jīng)過壓力試驗(yàn)才能使用。
安全閥是閥門家族比較特殊的一個(gè)分支，它的特殊性是因?yàn)椴煌�于其它閥門僅僅起到開關(guān)的作用，更重要的是起到保護(hù)設(shè)備的安全。
安全閥在系統(tǒng)中起安全保護(hù)作用。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)壓力超過規(guī)定值時(shí)，安全閥打開，將系統(tǒng)中的一部分氣體/流體排入大氣/管道外，使系統(tǒng)壓力不超過允許值，從而保證系統(tǒng)不因壓力過高而發(fā)生事故。
安全閥結(jié)構(gòu)主要有兩大類：彈簧式和杠桿式。彈簧式是指閥瓣與閥座的密封靠彈簧的作用力。杠桿式是靠杠桿和重錘的作用力。隨著大容量的需要，又有一種脈沖式安全閥，也稱為先導(dǎo)式安全閥，由主安全閥和輔助閥組成。當(dāng)管道內(nèi)介質(zhì)壓力超過規(guī)定壓力值時(shí)，輔助閥先開啟，介質(zhì)沿著導(dǎo)管進(jìn)入主安全閥，并將主安全閥打開，使增高的介質(zhì)壓力降低。
按結(jié)構(gòu)分
按其整體結(jié)構(gòu)及加載機(jī)構(gòu)的不同可以分為重錘杠桿式、彈簧式和脈沖式三種。
1.重錘杠桿式安全閥
重錘杠桿式安全閥是利用重錘和杠桿來(lái)平衡作用在閥瓣上的力。根據(jù)杠桿原理，它可以使用質(zhì)量較小的重錘通過杠桿的增大作用獲得較大的作用力，并通過移動(dòng)重錘的位置(或變換重錘的質(zhì)量)來(lái)調(diào)整安全閥的開啟壓力。
重錘杠桿式安全閥結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，調(diào)整容易而又比較準(zhǔn)確，所加的載荷不會(huì)因閥瓣的升高而有較大的增加，適用于溫度較高的場(chǎng)合，過去用得比較普遍，特別是用在鍋爐和溫度較高的壓力容器上。但重錘杠桿式安全閥結(jié)構(gòu)比較笨重，加載機(jī)構(gòu)容易振動(dòng)，并常因振動(dòng)而產(chǎn)生泄漏；其回座壓力較低，開啟后不易關(guān)閉及保持嚴(yán)密。
2.彈簧微啟式安全閥
彈簧微啟式安全閥是利用壓縮彈簧的力來(lái)平衡作用在閥瓣上的力。螺旋圈形彈簧的壓縮量可以通過轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)它上面的調(diào)整螺母來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)，利用這種結(jié)構(gòu)就可以根據(jù)需要校正安全閥的開啟(整定)壓力。彈簧微啟式安全閥結(jié)構(gòu)輕便緊湊，靈敏度也比較高，安裝位置不受限制，而且因?yàn)閷?duì)振動(dòng)的敏感性小，所以可用于移動(dòng)式的壓力容器上。這種安全閥的缺點(diǎn)是所加的載荷會(huì)隨著閥的開啟而發(fā)生變化，即隨著閥瓣的升高，彈簧的壓縮量增大，作用在閥瓣上的力也跟著增加。這對(duì)安全閥的迅速開啟是不利的。另外，閥上的彈簧會(huì)由于長(zhǎng)期受高溫的影響而使彈力減小。用于溫度較高的容器上時(shí)，常常要考慮彈簧的隔熱或散熱問題，從而使結(jié)構(gòu)變得復(fù)雜起來(lái)。
3.脈沖式安全閥
脈沖式安全閥由主閥和輔閥構(gòu)成，通過輔閥的脈沖作用帶動(dòng)主閥動(dòng)作、其結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，通常只適用于安全泄放量很大的鍋爐和壓力容器。
REXROTH高壓安全閥DBDS10K1X/630
德國(guó)力士樂REXROTH安全閥訂貨號(hào)物料號(hào)和型號(hào)：
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液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)在機(jī)械中的應(yīng)用.
驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)構(gòu)以及各種傳動(dòng)和操縱裝置有多中形式。根據(jù)所用的不見和零件，可分為機(jī)械的、電氣的、氣動(dòng)的、液壓的傳動(dòng)裝置。經(jīng)常還將不同的形式組合起來(lái)運(yùn)用一四位一體。由于液壓傳動(dòng)具有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，使這種新技術(shù)發(fā)展的很快。液壓傳動(dòng)應(yīng)用與金屬切割機(jī)床也不過四五十年的歷史。航空工業(yè)在1930年以后才開始采用。特別是近二三十年一來(lái)液壓技術(shù)在各種工業(yè)中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。
1、在機(jī)床上，液壓傳動(dòng)常應(yīng)用在以下的- -些裝置中
1.1進(jìn)給 傳動(dòng)裝置磨床砂輪架和工作臺(tái)的進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)大部分采用液壓傳動(dòng);車床、六角車床、自動(dòng)車床的刀架或轉(zhuǎn)塔刀架，銑床、刨床、組合機(jī)床的工作臺(tái)等的進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)也都采用液壓傳動(dòng)。這些部件有的要求快速移動(dòng)，有的要求慢速移動(dòng)。有的既要求快速移動(dòng)，也要求慢速移動(dòng)。這些運(yùn)動(dòng)多半要求有較大的調(diào)速范圍，要求在工作中無(wú)級(jí)調(diào)速;有的要求持續(xù)進(jìn)給，有的要求間歇進(jìn)給;有的要求在負(fù)載變化下速度恒定，有的要求有良好的換向性能等等。所有這些要求都是可以用液壓傳動(dòng)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
1.2往復(fù)主題運(yùn)動(dòng)傳動(dòng)裝置龍i刨床的工作臺(tái)、牛頭刨床或插床的滑枕，由于要求作高速往復(fù)直線運(yùn)動(dòng)并且要求換向沖擊小、換向時(shí)間短、能耗低，因此都可以采用液壓傳動(dòng)。
1.3仿形裝置車床、銑床、刨床上的仿形加工可以采用液壓伺服系統(tǒng)來(lái)完成。起精度可達(dá)0.01-0. 02m。此外，磨床上的成型砂輪修正裝置亦可采用這系統(tǒng)。
1.4 輔助裝置機(jī)床上的夾緊裝置、齒輪箱變速操縱裝置、絲桿螺母間隙消除裝置、垂直移動(dòng)部件平衡裝置、分度裝置、工件和刀具裝卸裝置、工件輸送裝置等，采用液壓傳動(dòng)，有利于簡(jiǎn)化機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)，提高機(jī)床自動(dòng)化程度。
1.5靜壓支承重型機(jī)床、高速機(jī)床、高精度機(jī)床上的軸承、導(dǎo)軌、絲桿螺母機(jī)構(gòu)等處采用液壓靜支承后，可以提高工作平穩(wěn)性和運(yùn)動(dòng)精度。
2、液壓傳動(dòng)技術(shù)在工程機(jī)械行走驅(qū)動(dòng)中的應(yīng)用
行走驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是工程機(jī)械的重要組成部分。與工作系統(tǒng)相比，行走驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)不僅需要傳輸更大的功率，要求器件具有更高的效率和更長(zhǎng)的壽命，還希望在變速調(diào)速、差速、改變輸出軸旋轉(zhuǎn)方向及反向傳輸動(dòng)力等方面具有良好的能力。于是，采用何種傳動(dòng)方式，如何更好地滿足各種工程機(jī)械行走驅(qū)動(dòng)的需要，-直是工程機(jī)械行業(yè)所要面對(duì)的課題。尤其是近年來(lái)，隨著我國(guó)交通、能源等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)進(jìn)程的快速發(fā)展，建筑施工和資源開發(fā)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大，工程機(jī)械在市場(chǎng)需求大大增強(qiáng)的同時(shí)，更面臨著作業(yè)環(huán)境更為苛刻、工沉條件更為復(fù)雜等所帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)，也進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)著對(duì)其行走驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的深入研究。 鍛壓機(jī)械是指在鍛壓加工中用于成形和分離的機(jī)械設(shè)備。鍛壓機(jī)械包括成形用的鍛錘、機(jī)械壓力機(jī)、液壓機(jī)、螺旋壓力機(jī)和平鍛機(jī)，以及開卷機(jī)、矯正機(jī)、剪切機(jī)、鍛造操作機(jī)等輔助機(jī)械。鍛壓機(jī)械主要用于金屬成形，所以又稱為金屬成形機(jī)床。鍛壓機(jī)械是通過對(duì)金屬施加壓力使之成形的，力大是其基本特點(diǎn)，故多為重型設(shè)備，設(shè)備上多設(shè)有安全防護(hù)裝置，以保障設(shè)備和人身安全。
鍛壓機(jī)械主要包括各種鍛錘、各種壓力機(jī)和其他輔助機(jī)械。
鍛錘，由重錘落下或強(qiáng)迫高速運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)能對(duì)坯料做功，使之塑性變形的機(jī)械。鍛錘是常見、歷史悠久的鍛壓機(jī)械。它結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,工作靈活,功能性強(qiáng)、使用面廣、易于維修，適用于自由鍛和模鍛。但震動(dòng)較大，較難實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)。
鍛錘的工作原理
鍛錘靠高壓氣體突然釋放的能量驅(qū)動(dòng)上，下錘頭高速運(yùn)動(dòng)，懸空對(duì)擊，是金屬塑性成形的鍛造方法。高速錘鍛造是一種高能率成形方法，主要用于精密模鍛和熱擠壓。
瞬間釋放的高壓氣體(壓力一般為15000兆帕，迫使錘頭向下作9～24米/秒的高速運(yùn)動(dòng)，同時(shí)也向上推動(dòng)高壓氣缸的缸蓋，并帶動(dòng)整個(gè)機(jī)架向上運(yùn)動(dòng)。錘頭上的上模與機(jī)架上的下模在空中對(duì)擊工件，使之塑性變形。機(jī)架的質(zhì)量遠(yuǎn)大于錘體，所以移動(dòng)速度慢，行程小，便于操作。錘擊后，安裝在機(jī)架內(nèi)的回程桿將錘頭推回原處。機(jī)架放置于外支架的緩沖墊上。這類設(shè)備初只能一次單擊，后來(lái)研制出可以連擊的﹑內(nèi)燃式的高速錘。高速錘鍛造，存在明顯的變形慣性力和變形熱效應(yīng)，控制得當(dāng)可以提高金屬的塑性，改善金屬在模具中的流動(dòng)充填性能，利用模鍛可成形薄壁﹑高肋的復(fù)雜形狀鍛件。高速錘鍛造多用于葉片﹑齒輪等零件的精鍛和擠壓。
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溢流閥的功用
溢流閥旁接在泵的出口，用來(lái)保證系統(tǒng)壓力恒定，稱為定壓閥。
溢流閥旁接在泵的出口，用來(lái)限制系統(tǒng)壓力的大值，對(duì)系統(tǒng)起保護(hù)作用，稱為安全閥。
電磁溢流閥還可以在執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)不工作時(shí)使泵卸載。

壓力控制按用途分為溢流閥﹑減壓閥和順序閥。⑴溢流閥：能控制液壓系統(tǒng)在達(dá)到調(diào)定壓力時(shí)保持恒定狀態(tài)。用於過載保護(hù)的溢流閥稱為安全閥。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障，壓力升高到可能造成破壞的限定值時(shí)，閥口會(huì)打開而溢流，以保證系統(tǒng)的安全。⑵減壓閥：能控制分支回路得到比主回路油壓低的穩(wěn)定壓力。減壓閥按它所控制的壓力功能不同，又可分為定值減壓閥（輸出壓力為恒定值）﹑定差減壓閥（輸入與輸出壓力差為定值）和定比減壓閥（輸入與輸出壓力間保持一定的比例）。⑶順序閥：能使一個(gè)執(zhí)行元件（如液壓缸﹑液壓馬達(dá)等）動(dòng)作以后，再按順序使其他執(zhí)行元件動(dòng)作。油泵產(chǎn)生的壓力先推動(dòng)液壓缸1運(yùn)動(dòng)，同時(shí)通過順序閥的進(jìn)油口作用在面積A 上，當(dāng)液壓缸1運(yùn)動(dòng)完全成后，壓力升高，作用在面積A 的向上推力大於彈簧的調(diào)定值后，閥芯上升使進(jìn)油口與出油口相通，使液壓缸2運(yùn)動(dòng)。

壓力控制閥：
利用節(jié)流降壓原理,通過作用在閥芯一端的彈簧力與另一端的液壓力相平衡而工作的。
溢流閥
溢流閥是通過閥口的溢流,調(diào)定系統(tǒng)工作壓力或限定其*大工作壓力，防止系統(tǒng)過載。
幾乎在所有的液壓系統(tǒng)中都需要用到它，其性能好壞對(duì)整個(gè)液壓系統(tǒng)的正常工作有很大影響。
按結(jié)構(gòu)形式和基本動(dòng)作方式分為：直動(dòng)式溢流閥，先導(dǎo)式溢流閥
直動(dòng)式溢流閥
直動(dòng)式溢流閥是依靠系統(tǒng)中的壓力油直接作用在閥芯上,與彈簧力等相平衡,以控制閥芯的啟閉動(dòng)作。
壓力油從P口進(jìn)入，經(jīng)阻尼孔作用在閥芯底部，當(dāng)作用在閥芯上的液壓力大于彈簧力時(shí)，閥口打開，使油液溢流。
先導(dǎo)式溢流閥結(jié)構(gòu)
由先導(dǎo)閥和主閥組成。
先導(dǎo)閥實(shí)際上是一個(gè)小流量直動(dòng)型溢流閥，其閥芯為錐閥。進(jìn)口壓力值主要由先導(dǎo)閥調(diào)壓彈簧的預(yù)壓縮量確定。
主閥芯上有一阻尼孔,且上腔作用面積略大于下腔作用面積，其彈簧只在閥口關(guān)閉時(shí)起復(fù)位作用。
先導(dǎo)式溢流閥工作原理
主閥芯開啟是利用液流流經(jīng)阻尼孔形成的壓力差。阻尼孔一般為細(xì)長(zhǎng)孔,孔徑很小幣=0.8～1.2mm,孔長(zhǎng)1=8～12mm，因此工作時(shí)易堵塞，一旦堵塞則導(dǎo)致主閥口常開無(wú)法調(diào)壓。
先導(dǎo)閥前腔有一控制口，用于卸荷和遙控。
溢流閥入口處的壓力隨閥口溢流量變化而恒定的程度，是衡量溢流閥靜特性好壞的重要指標(biāo)。
實(shí)際上，溢流閥工作時(shí)開口量是變化的，開口量的變化引起溢流量變化，亦必然引起壓力的變化。壓力越高，所需彈簧剛度就越大，因而，溢流量變化時(shí)壓力的變化就越大。
先導(dǎo)式溢流閥的定壓精度高，靜特性較直動(dòng)型的好。
當(dāng)溢流閥的調(diào)定壓力為p時(shí)，直動(dòng)式的溢流量(損失)較先導(dǎo)式的大，即q直>q先;
當(dāng)溢流閥的溢流量變化△q 時(shí)，直動(dòng)式的進(jìn)口壓力變化大(定壓性差)，即△p直>△p先。
調(diào)壓螺母時(shí)，直動(dòng)式溢流閥的彈簧變形力較大，調(diào)壓費(fèi)力，所以直動(dòng)式溢流閥適用于低壓、小流量、且對(duì)于壓力穩(wěn)定性要求不高的系統(tǒng)。
先導(dǎo)式溢流閥由先導(dǎo)閥與主閥兩部分組成，閥芯另一端作用的壓力是由先導(dǎo)閥調(diào)節(jié)的，而先導(dǎo)閥的承壓面積很小,且靈敏度很高,所以其彈簧力也不大，調(diào)節(jié)省力、靈活。
可見先導(dǎo)式溢流閥適用于高壓大流量，對(duì)壓力穩(wěn)定性要求較高的系統(tǒng)。
溢流閥的作用
溢流調(diào)壓:在不斷的溢流過程中保持系統(tǒng)壓力基本不變。
安全保護(hù):亦稱安全閥，用于過載保護(hù)。
形成背壓:接在回油路上，使系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定。
液壓系統(tǒng)對(duì)溢流閥的性能要求：
定壓精度高。
靈敏度要高。如溢流調(diào)壓時(shí),當(dāng)液壓缸突然停止運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),溢流閥要迅速開大。否則，定量泵輸出的油液將因不能及時(shí)排出而使系統(tǒng)壓力突然升高，并超過溢流閥的調(diào)定壓力,使系統(tǒng)中各元件及輔助受力增加，影響其壽命。
工作要平穩(wěn)，且無(wú)振動(dòng)和噪聲。
當(dāng)閥關(guān)閉時(shí),密封要好，泄漏要小。
對(duì)于經(jīng)常開啟的溢流閥，主要要求前三項(xiàng)性能;而對(duì)于安全閥，則主要要求第二和第四兩項(xiàng)性能。其實(shí)，溢流閥和安全閥都是同一結(jié)構(gòu)的閥，只不過是在不同要求時(shí)有不同的作用而已。